The college-age years are associated with tremendous sociobehavioral health changes that can promote the emergence of one or more T2D risk factors. Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors associated with being overweight and/or obese may promote impaired glucose utilization, high blood pressure, and dyslipidemia, which are in turn, strongly linked to an individual’s risk for the future development of T2D. The increasing incidence of these conditions observed in the younger age group have been attributed to lifestyle behaviors including poor nutritional choices and insufficient physical activity and the nonmodifiable risk factor, which is a family history of T2D.
In addition to the current high incidence of T2D cases in different age groups, it has been reported that 84.1 million individuals in the ≥ 18 years age-group have prediabetes. These age groups represent the majority of college students in the United States.
The available literature has demonstrated an increasing prevalence of T2D among persons in the 30 s age bracket. A multicenter study conducted to estimate changes in the prevalence of T2D in United States youths showed an increase among 10–20 years old. Previously considered a disease of middle- and older-adulthood, T2D is now highly prevalent among adolescents and young adults. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounts for approximately 90–95% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes. However, knowledge scores regarding recommended intake of fruits, vegetables, high sodium foods, and whole grains to prevent T2D were only 36.36%, 34.09%, 47.73%, and 63.6%, respectively. Pearson’s correlations revealed direct relationships between perceived risk of T2D and BMI ( r = 0.49, P = 0.001), fat mass percent ( r = 0.51, P 75). Nearly 30% of students did not feel confident they could prevent the development of T2D. Participants with a family history of T2D (mean rank = 24.2) perceived the seriousness of T2D at a similar level as those without family history (mean rank = 21.2), with no significant difference (U = 205, P = 0.430). A high proportion (70%) of participants with detected impaired FBG perceived they were at low risk of developing T2D. The most common T2D risk factors were lack of physical activity (61.4%), decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c, 56.8%), high fasting blood glucose (FBG, 45.5%), family history of T2D (43.2%), increased body mass index (BMI, 36.4%), and high blood pressure (15.9%). The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
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